One-third of the current urban population lives in slums and informal settlements, often without access to basic services.
Land restoration and biodiversity conservation are key to achieving land-degradation neutrality.
Emissions from the production of materials as a share of global GHGs increased from 15% in 1995 to 23% in 2015.
Last century we extracted 27 times more ores and minerals, and 34 times more construction materials.
Growing and harvesting biomass contributed over 90% to total global biodiversity loss and water stress.
Policy should target the sectors that are mainly responsible: food related sectors (agriculture, retailers, and food services), wood related industries (forestry, construction) and increasingly biochemicals.
The number of net exporters is decreasing, highlighting a growing vulnerability of the global trading system, as it comes to rely on ever fewer resource producers.
Impacts on air, water, land and biodiversity occur along the whole life cycle of metals.
Little information is available on the amount and location of metals in landfills.