60 billion tonnes of construction minerals, ores and industrial minerals, fossil fuels and biomass are extracted each year
We lose 24 billion tonnes of fertile soil and 15 billion trees a year, at a cost of $40 billion.
If products were re-manufactured, re-furbished, repaired and re-used, the amount of new material needed could be reduced.
The expansion of green areas in cities can potentially contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation, heat and flood mitigation, erosion reduction and carbon capture.
Trade in material resources – biomass, fossil fuels, metals, and minerals – has increased by more than 90% in the past two decades.
The number of net exporters is decreasing, highlighting a growing vulnerability of the global trading system, as it comes to rely on ever fewer resource producers.
Material efficiency strategies can reduce emissions from materials and operational energy in housing by 40% in 2050 in G7 countries and up to 70% in India and China.
Growing and harvesting biomass contributed over 90% to total global biodiversity loss and water stress.
Policy should target the sectors that are mainly responsible: food related sectors (agriculture, retailers, and food services), wood related industries (forestry, construction) and increasingly biochemicals.