Primary metal production is responsible for 7-8% of global energy use.
Primary material extracted from the Earth rose from 22 bn tonnes in 1970 to 70 bn tonnes in 2010.
From 2000 to 2015, the climate change and health impacts from extraction and production of metals doubled.
Currently, re-manufacturing accounts for only 2 per cent of production in the United States, and 1.9 per cent in Europe.
Emissions from the production of materials as a share of global GHGs increased from 15% in 1995 to 23% in 2015.
Global material resource use is expected to reach nearly 90 billion tonnes in 2017 and may more than double from 2015 to 2050.
About 25 per cent of the world's land is degraded.
Material efficiency strategies can reduce emissions from materials and operational energy in housing by 40% in 2050 in G7 countries and up to 70% in India and China.